Modal shifts hold considerable potential to mitigate carbon emissions. Electric bikes (e-bikes) represent a promising energy- and carbon-efficient alternative to cars. However, as mobility behaviour is highly habitual, convincing people to switch from cars to e-bikes is challenging. One strategy to accomplish this is the disruption of existing habits—a key idea behind an annual e-bike promotion programme in Switzerland, in which car owners can try out an e-bike for free over a two-week period in exchange for their car keys. By means of a longitudinal survey, we measured the long-term effects of this trial on mobility-related habitual associations. After one year, participants' habitual association with car use had weakened significantly. Bongo 2 keygen, Abbyy Finereader 7.0. Crack bongo 2 Serial bongo 2 Keygen bongo 2 Rapidshare. DRAW, nicole ray, meccano mind, syntax. Create a free website. Download Bongo 2.0 for Windows. Service Release 7b| 80.0 MB| Read change log Enter your email address to download: email: You will be. Download Euro Truck Simulator 2 Keygen FreeThis finding was valid both for participants who bought an e-bike after the trial and those who did not. Our findings contrast the results of other studies who find that the effect of interventions to induce modal shifts wears off over time. We conclude that an e-bike trial has the potential to break mobility habits and motivate car owners to use more sustainable means of transport. Export citation and abstract. Shifts toward more environmentally friendly transport modes hold considerable potential to mitigate global carbon emissions []. Especially in developed countries, cars are still the main mode of transportation, but electric bikes (e-bikes) represent an attractive alternative. This is not only due to their high energy and carbon efficiency, but also a variety of other features, including cost savings, health benefits and avoiding traffic congestion [, ]. While e-bikes may also replace walking or conventional biking, the evidence from the available field studies suggests that purchasing an e-bike results in considerable substitution of car usage [, –]. However, while e-bike sales have shown rapid growth rates, e-bikes still represent a niche product that appeals mostly to the 'dark green' or 'early adopter' segments [,,, –]. Moving e-bikes from a niche to the mainstream is challenging. When you attempt to download those items, a username and password will be requested. Some items may only be downloaded from an on-campus computer. Minitab 17 download for mac. Others may require authentication. When that happens, you should use your myUTMartin portal username and password, which is also the same as your email username and password. One major reason for this is that most travel behaviour is highly habitual [–] and generally occurs in stable contexts (including entrenched travel routes and times and established travel purposes, as well as the utilised modes of transportation), making behavioural change difficult [, ]. Yet, disruptions of stable contexts have demonstrated a considerable potential for altering individuals' mobility-related habits. Examples include highway closures, which may nudge car drivers to try out public transportation [], or strikes, such as the London Underground strike of 2014, which led to lasting changes in mobility behaviour among about 5% of all affected travellers []. In addition, natural disasters, such as hurricanes [], and personal life events, such as a serious injury [], qualify as disruptions that are sufficiently strong to induce changes in individuals' mobility patterns. While external disruptions often occur in a sudden and random manner, many behaviour-change programmes use the same principle. They deliberately introduce contextual changes to promote a shift toward more sustainable behaviour. In the mobility field, providing people with the option of experiencing alternative modes of transportation seems promising in breaking deep-rooted mobility habits, especially if these opportunities co-occur with contextual changes in individuals' private lives (e.g. Moving) [, ]. Battlefield Bad Company 2 Keygen Free DownloadFor instance, the results of previous research suggest that providing a free travel card for public transportation to habitual car drivers can trigger significant changes in modal choices toward more efficient modes of transportation [–]. Yet, longitudinal analyses that assess the long-term effect of these interventions are scarce, and those that exist suggest that for most participants, the effects of the interventions start wearing off after the end of the intervention [,, ]. While most of the available interventions focus on the switch from cars to public transportation, there have also been three studies on e-bikes [,, ]. These studies showed that trying out an e-bike for two to four weeks is a promising approach to breaking participants' mobility habits, resulting, inter alia, in a higher willingness to purchase an e-bike [], lower habitual association with car use directly after the trial [] and interest in using e-bikes more often in the future []. However, none of the previous studies provided a longitudinal assessment of whether the context disruption caused by an e-bike trial is strong enough to induce long-term shifts in participants' mobility-related habits.
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